Record Information |
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Version | 1.0 |
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Creation date | 2010-04-08 22:11:11 UTC |
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Update date | 2019-11-26 03:09:48 UTC |
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Primary ID | FDB014297 |
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Secondary Accession Numbers | Not Available |
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Chemical Information |
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FooDB Name | (R)-Limonene |
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Description | d-Limonene, also known as dipentene, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. P-menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. Thus, D-limonene is considered to be an isoprenoid lipid molecule. d-Limonene is a very hydrophobic molecule, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral. |
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CAS Number | 5989-27-5 |
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Structure | |
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Synonyms | Synonym | Source |
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Not Available | Not Available |
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Predicted Properties | |
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Chemical Formula | C10H16 |
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IUPAC name | (4R)-1-methyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-1-ene |
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InChI Identifier | InChI=1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4,10H,1,5-7H2,2-3H3/t10-/m0/s1 |
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InChI Key | XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-JTQLQIEISA-N |
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Isomeric SMILES | CC(=C)[C@@H]1CCC(C)=CC1 |
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Average Molecular Weight | 136.234 |
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Monoisotopic Molecular Weight | 136.125200512 |
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Classification |
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Description | Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as menthane monoterpenoids. These are monoterpenoids with a structure based on the o-, m-, or p-menthane backbone. P-menthane consists of the cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a (2-methyl)-propyl group at the 1 and 4 ring position, respectively. The o- and m- menthanes are much rarer, and presumably arise by alkyl migration of p-menthanes. |
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Kingdom | Organic compounds |
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Super Class | Lipids and lipid-like molecules |
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Class | Prenol lipids |
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Sub Class | Monoterpenoids |
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Direct Parent | Menthane monoterpenoids |
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Alternative Parents | |
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Substituents | - P-menthane monoterpenoid
- Monocyclic monoterpenoid
- Branched unsaturated hydrocarbon
- Cycloalkene
- Cyclic olefin
- Unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
- Unsaturated hydrocarbon
- Olefin
- Hydrocarbon
- Aliphatic homomonocyclic compound
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Molecular Framework | Aliphatic homomonocyclic compounds |
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External Descriptors | |
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Ontology |
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Ontology | No ontology term |
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Physico-Chemical Properties |
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Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental | Property | Value | Reference |
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Physical state | Liquid | |
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Physical Description | Not Available | |
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Mass Composition | C 88.16%; H 11.84% | DFC |
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Melting Point | -74.3 oC | |
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Boiling Point | Bp20 71° | DFC |
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Experimental Water Solubility | 0.0138 mg/mL at 25 oC | MASSALDI,HA & KING,CJ (1973) |
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Experimental logP | 4.57 | LI,J & PURDUE,EM (1995) |
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Experimental pKa | Not Available | |
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Isoelectric point | Not Available | |
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Charge | Not Available | |
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Optical Rotation | [a]20D +126.8 | DFC |
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Spectroscopic UV Data | Not Available | |
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Density | Not Available | |
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Refractive Index | Not Available | |
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Spectra |
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Spectra | |
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EI-MS/GC-MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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EI-MS | Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization) | splash10-014l-9100000000-fbf154446f93ee5019c0 | 2015-03-01 | View Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0173-9100000000-239928f205c8242a700a | Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014l-9100000000-507f7afbc17b7c2556e2 | Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014l-9100000000-1a0c62c6971532ab6782 | Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-0173-9100000000-239928f205c8242a700a | Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014l-9100000000-507f7afbc17b7c2556e2 | Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014l-9100000000-1a0c62c6971532ab6782 | Spectrum | GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, GC-MS Spectrum | splash10-014l-9100000000-0b286d388287bcc487f2 | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | splash10-0006-9200000000-df40612bbf371089d7ac | Spectrum | Predicted GC-MS | (+)-Mentha-1,8-diene, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive | Not Available | Spectrum |
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MS/MS | Type | Description | Splash Key | View |
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MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated) | splash10-000i-6900000000-f7ee4bad43b6ccae0ccb | 2012-07-25 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated) | splash10-00ou-9000000000-51a52c25a98124e179e9 | 2012-07-25 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated) | splash10-0006-9000000000-9655665d3d36755028cc | 2012-07-25 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6M) , Positive | splash10-0173-9100000000-239928f205c8242a700a | 2012-08-31 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positive | splash10-014l-9100000000-bc8708fdb2d1955dce92 | 2012-08-31 | View Spectrum | MS/MS | LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positive | splash10-014l-9100000000-1a0c62c6971532ab6782 | 2012-08-31 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-000i-2900000000-bce8f8616cfd3b16cac9 | 2017-07-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-000i-9600000000-583a2621a826cedbca61 | 2017-07-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-1000-9100000000-d78cd6fbdd7a13fe9dfa | 2017-07-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-000i-0900000000-2950ad058f77d7bc9f76 | 2017-07-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-000i-0900000000-6f48f3b0b500d4f25ec9 | 2017-07-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-014r-5900000000-1c30c00bfa4058f5e22b | 2017-07-26 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative | splash10-000i-0900000000-a013b4ae27f975ab5621 | 2021-09-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative | splash10-000i-0900000000-a013b4ae27f975ab5621 | 2021-09-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative | splash10-014i-8900000000-d835e92fba2c2a238797 | 2021-09-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive | splash10-001a-9400000000-fb09a1cdd4bc09480281 | 2021-09-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive | splash10-0564-9000000000-dc5effa7f00987fc8567 | 2021-09-25 | View Spectrum | Predicted MS/MS | Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive | splash10-00mo-9000000000-40d99aa482e2ce5a66f1 | 2021-09-25 | View Spectrum |
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NMR | Type | Description | | View |
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1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 1D NMR | 1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 1D NMR | 13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 25.16 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum | 2D NMR | [1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, CDCl3, experimental) | | Spectrum |
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External Links |
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ChemSpider ID | 389747 |
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ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL449062 |
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KEGG Compound ID | C06099 |
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Pubchem Compound ID | 440917 |
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Pubchem Substance ID | Not Available |
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ChEBI ID | 15382 |
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Phenol-Explorer ID | Not Available |
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DrugBank ID | Not Available |
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HMDB ID | HMDB04321 |
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CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID | JFH51-A:JPJ51-C |
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EAFUS ID | 2034 |
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Dr. Duke ID | D-(+)-LIMONENE|D-LIMONENE|(+)-LIMONENE |
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BIGG ID | Not Available |
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KNApSAcK ID | C00010868 |
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HET ID | Not Available |
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Food Biomarker Ontology | Not Available |
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VMH ID | Not Available |
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Flavornet ID | 5989-27-5 |
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GoodScent ID | rw1013771 |
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SuperScent ID | 440917 |
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Wikipedia ID | Limonene |
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Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID | Not Available |
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Duplicate IDS | Not Available |
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Old DFC IDS | Not Available |
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Associated Foods |
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Food | Content Range | Average | Reference |
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Food | | | Reference |
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Biological Effects and Interactions |
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Health Effects / Bioactivities | Descriptor | ID | Definition | Reference |
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anti acetylcholinesterase | 38462 | An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. | DUKE | anti cancer | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | anti melanomic | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | antitumor | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | antitumor promoter | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | apoptotic | | | DUKE | cancer preventive | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | chemopreventive | 35610 | A substance that inhibits or prevents the proliferation of neoplasms. | DUKE | differentiator | | | DUKE | flavor | 48318 | A substance, extract, or preparation for diffusing or imparting an agreeable or attractive smell. | DUKE | hypocholesterolemic | | | DUKE | insecticide | 24852 | Strictly, a substance intended to kill members of the class Insecta. In common usage, any substance used for preventing, destroying, repelling or controlling insects. | DUKE | insectifuge | 24852 | Strictly, a substance intended to kill members of the class Insecta. In common usage, any substance used for preventing, destroying, repelling or controlling insects. | DUKE | litholytic | | | DUKE | nephrotoxic | 50909 | A role played by a chemical compound exihibiting itself through the ability to induce damage to the kidney in animals. | DUKE | cytochrome-P450-2B1 inhibitor | 50183 | An enzyme inhibitor that interferes with the activity of cytochrome P450 involved in catalysis of organic substances. | DUKE | pesticide | 25944 | Strictly, a substance intended to kill pests. In common usage, any substance used for controlling, preventing, or destroying animal, microbiological or plant pests. | DUKE |
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Enzymes | Not Available |
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Pathways | Not Available |
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Metabolism | Not Available |
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Biosynthesis | Not Available |
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Organoleptic Properties |
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Flavours | Flavor | Citations |
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citrus |
- Arn, H, Acree TE. “Flavornet: A database of aroma compounds based on odor potency in natural products”. Developments in Food Science 40 (1998): 27. doi:10.1016/S0167-4501(98)80029-0
- The Good Scents Company (2009). Flavor and fragrance information catalog. <http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/allprod.html> Accessed 15.10.23.
| mint |
- Arn, H, Acree TE. “Flavornet: A database of aroma compounds based on odor potency in natural products”. Developments in Food Science 40 (1998): 27. doi:10.1016/S0167-4501(98)80029-0
| lemon |
- Dunkel, M. et al. SuperScent – a database of flavors and scents. Nucleic Acids Research 2008, doi:10.1093/nar/gkn695
| orange |
- Dunkel, M. et al. SuperScent – a database of flavors and scents. Nucleic Acids Research 2008, doi:10.1093/nar/gkn695
- The Good Scents Company (2009). Flavor and fragrance information catalog. <http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/allprod.html> Accessed 15.10.23.
| fresh |
- The Good Scents Company (2009). Flavor and fragrance information catalog. <http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/allprod.html> Accessed 15.10.23.
| sweet |
- The Good Scents Company (2009). Flavor and fragrance information catalog. <http://www.thegoodscentscompany.com/allprod.html> Accessed 15.10.23.
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Files |
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MSDS | show |
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References |
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Synthesis Reference | Not Available |
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General Reference | Not Available |
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Content Reference | — Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004). — Shinbo, Y., et al. 'KNApSAcK: a comprehensive species-metabolite relationship database.' Plant Metabolomics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 165-181.
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