Back to Compounds

Betanin (FDB000497)

Record Information
Version1.0
Creation date2010-04-08 22:04:35 UTC
Update date2020-02-24 19:10:08 UTC
Primary IDFDB000497
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • FDB000786
Chemical Information
FooDB NameBetanin
DescriptionRed pigment from beetroot, Beta vulgaris variety rubra and other Centrospermae. It is used as a food dye Betanin is a betalain pigment, together with isobetanin, probetanin, and neobetanin. Other pigments contained in beet are indicaxanthin and vulgaxanthins.; Betanin, or Beetroot Red, is a red glycosidic food dye obtained from beets; its aglycone, obtained by hydrolyzing away the glucose molecule, is betanidin. As a food additive, its E number is E162. Betanin degrades when subjected to light, heat, and oxygen; therefore, it is used in frozen products, products with short shelf life, or products sold in dry state. Betanin can survive pasteurization when in products with high sugar content. Its sensitivity to oxygen is highest in products with high content of water and/or containing metal cations (eg. iron and copper); antioxidants like ascorbic acid and sequestrants can slow this process down, together with suitable packaging. In dry form betanin is stable in presence of oxygen. Betanin is found in many foods, some of which are pepper (c. frutescens), parsley, swamp cabbage, and pigeon pea.
CAS Number7659-95-2
Structure
Thumb
MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI
Synonyms
SynonymSource
Not AvailableNot Available
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.5 g/LALOGPS
logP0.21ALOGPS
logP-5.4ChemAxon
logS-3.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)1.46ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-3.6ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count14ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count8ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area249.38 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count7ChemAxon
Refractivity149.71 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability52.97 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings4ChemAxon
BioavailabilityNoChemAxon
Rule of FiveNoChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleNoChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleYesChemAxon
Chemical FormulaC24H26N2O13
IUPAC name(1E)-1-{2-[(4E)-2,6-dicarboxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridin-4-ylidene]ethylidene}-6-hydroxy-5-{[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-2,3-dihydro-1H-1λ⁵-indol-1-ylium-2-carboxylate
InChI IdentifierInChI=1S/C24H26N2O13/c27-8-17-18(29)19(30)20(31)24(39-17)38-16-6-10-5-14(23(36)37)26(13(10)7-15(16)28)2-1-9-3-11(21(32)33)25-12(4-9)22(34)35/h1-3,6-7,12,14,17-20,24,27,29-31H,4-5,8H2,(H4,28,32,33,34,35,36,37)
InChI KeyDHHFDKNIEVKVKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Isomeric SMILESOCC1OC(OC2=C(O)C=C3C(CC(C([O-])=O)\[N+]3=C/C=C3\CC(NC(=C3)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)=C2)C(O)C(O)C1O
Average Molecular Weight550.4688
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight550.143488928
Classification
Description Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as betacyanins and derivatives. These are organic compounds containing a glycoside of indolium-2-carboxylic acid attached, with the nitrogen ring of the indolium ring attached to an ethylpyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivative. Betacyanins are red nitrogenous pigments found in certain plants, such as beetroots.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassAlkaloids and derivatives
ClassBetalains
Sub ClassBetacyanins and derivatives
Direct ParentBetacyanins and derivatives
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Betacyanin
  • Phenolic glycoside
  • Indolecarboxylic acid derivative
  • Indolecarboxylic acid
  • Hexose monosaccharide
  • O-glycosyl compound
  • Glycosyl compound
  • Alpha-amino acid
  • Alpha-amino acid or derivatives
  • L-alpha-amino acid
  • Tricarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Indole or derivatives
  • Tetrahydropyridine
  • 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid
  • Benzenoid
  • Monosaccharide
  • Oxane
  • Hydropyridine
  • Amino acid
  • Amino acid or derivatives
  • Secondary alcohol
  • Shiff base
  • Carboxylic acid salt
  • Acetal
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Secondary aliphatic amine
  • Enamine
  • Oxacycle
  • Azacycle
  • Organoheterocyclic compound
  • Organic 1,3-dipolar compound
  • Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound
  • Secondary amine
  • Polyol
  • Amine
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organopnictogen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Organic salt
  • Carbonyl group
  • Alcohol
  • Organic zwitterion
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organonitrogen compound
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Primary alcohol
  • Organic nitrogen compound
  • Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Ontology
Disposition

Route of exposure:

Source:

Biological location:

Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental
PropertyValueReference
Physical stateNot Available
Physical DescriptionNot Available
Mass CompositionC 52.37%; H 4.76%; N 5.09%; O 37.78%DFC
Melting PointNot Available
Boiling PointNot Available
Experimental Water SolubilityNot Available
Experimental logPNot Available
Experimental pKaNot Available
Isoelectric pointNot Available
ChargeNot Available
Optical RotationNot Available
Spectroscopic UV DataNot Available
DensityNot Available
Refractive IndexNot Available
Spectra
Spectra
EI-MS/GC-MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-06sr-6811590000-46636eb43361f2098849Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, 2 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positivesplash10-004i-3300029000-a3df643de601301006f4Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, "Betanin,1TMS,#1" TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_1, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_5, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_6, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_1_7, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_2, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_3, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_4, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_5, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_6, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_8, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_9, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_10, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_11, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_12, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_14, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_15, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_16, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_17, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
Predicted GC-MSBetanin, TMS_2_19, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, PositiveNot AvailableSpectrum
MS/MS
TypeDescriptionSplash KeyView
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0udi-0100090000-e8d3751464fed113038d2016-06-03View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0ue9-1200090000-eb6a0bd055cce9bc0ccf2016-06-03View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-01ow-9801010000-69f46043e141b0e013332016-06-03View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0002-1300090000-f163fd5bba61129455382016-08-04View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-0002-5700090000-6bc84bfc087b6e018e8c2016-08-04View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-052f-9200000000-e4f97d60e300bc9b176b2016-08-04View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-0002-0003090000-12c41fae6fb421dfc9fb2021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00dl-1709270000-ac3f053be7f6646a8ea42021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-0109110000-8cab56ea03fccc586da62021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-0zms-0105190000-337da834c51fdb43b82f2021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-059e-0109550000-b3f8eafba5be1f7b87542021-09-23View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0fbi-2319210000-2eebd8f8d7eec66cd5ed2021-09-23View Spectrum
NMRNot Available
ChemSpider IDNot Available
ChEMBL IDNot Available
KEGG Compound IDC08540
Pubchem Compound ID91559
Pubchem Substance IDNot Available
ChEBI IDNot Available
Phenol-Explorer ID708
DrugBank IDNot Available
HMDB IDNot Available
CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) IDBCX92-K:BCX94-M
EAFUS IDNot Available
Dr. Duke IDBETANINE|BETANIN
BIGG IDNot Available
KNApSAcK IDC00001584
HET IDNot Available
Food Biomarker OntologyNot Available
VMH IDNot Available
Flavornet IDNot Available
GoodScent IDNot Available
SuperScent IDNot Available
Wikipedia IDBetanin
Phenol-Explorer Metabolite IDNot Available
Duplicate IDSNot Available
Old DFC IDSNot Available
Associated Foods
FoodContent Range AverageReference
FoodReference
Biological Effects and Interactions
Health Effects / Bioactivities
DescriptorIDDefinitionReference
antioxidant22586 A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. In European countries, E-numbers for permitted antioxidant food additives are from E 300 to E 324.DUKE
anti peroxidantDUKE
heme-sparingDUKE
lipoxygenase inhibitor35856 A compound or agent that combines with lipoxygenase and thereby prevents its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of the icosanoid products hydroxyicosatetraenoic acid and various leukotrienes.DUKE
pigment26130 An endogenous molecular entity that results in a colour of an organism as the consequence of the selective absorption of light.DUKE
EnzymesNot Available
PathwaysNot Available
MetabolismNot Available
BiosynthesisNot Available
Organoleptic Properties
FlavoursNot Available
Files
MSDSNot Available
References
Synthesis ReferenceNot Available
General ReferenceNot Available
Content Reference— Shinbo, Y., et al. 'KNApSAcK: a comprehensive species-metabolite relationship database.' Plant Metabolomics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. 165-181.
— Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).