AFCDB: Amylose (FDB001130)

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation date

2010-04-08 22:04:50 UTC

Update date

2019-11-26 02:55:58 UTC

Primary ID

FDB001130

Secondary Accession Numbers

Not Available

Chemical Information

FooDB Name

Amylose

Description

Stored in all parts of plants as insol. granules. Coml. starches come mainly from corn (maize), sorghum grains, tapioca root and potato tuber. Most starch samples contain 20 ± 5% Amylose which can be pptd. from aq. starch soln. with, e.g., Thymol. Various uses in food processing including thickener, stabilizer, flavour modifier, filler for baking powder, flour additive, firming agent and release/antisticking agent. Many modified forms also used Amylose is a linear polymer of glucose linked mainly by ?(1?4) bonds. It can be made of several thousand glucose units. It is one of the two components of starch, the other being amylopectin. Amylose is soluble in water.; Amylose is defined as a linear molecule of (1→4) linked alpha-D-glucopyranosyl units, but it is today well established that some molecules are slightly branched by (1→6)-alpha-linkages. ; The oldest criteria for linearity consisted in the susceptibility of the molecule to complete hydrolysis by beta-amylase. This enzyme splits the (1→4) bonds from the non-reducing end of a chain releasing beta-maltosyl units, but cannot cleave the (1→6) bonds. When degraded by pure beta-amylase, linear macromolecules are completely converted into maltose, whereas branched chains give also one beta-limit dextrin consisting of the remaining inner core polysaccharide structure with its outer chains recessed.; Starches of different botanical origins possess different granular sizes, morphology, polymorphism and enzyme digestibility. These characteristics are related to the chemical structures of the amylopectin and amylose and how they are arranged in the starch granule. (PMID 9730163). Amylose is found in many foods, some of which are taro, alcoholic beverages, rice, and potato.

CAS Number

9005-82-7

Structure

MOL SDF 3D-SDF PDB SMILES InChI View 3D Structure

Synonyms

Synonym	Source
Not Available	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	782 g/L	ALOGPS
logP	-2.6	ALOGPS
logP	-2.9	ChemAxon
logS	0.64	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	11.3	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	6	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	5	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	110.38 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	35.92 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	16.3 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	1	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	Yes	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Chemical Formula

C6H12O6

IUPAC name

6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2

InChI Key

WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Isomeric SMILES

OCC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O

Average Molecular Weight

180.1559

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

180.063388116

Classification

Description

Belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hexoses. These are monosaccharides in which the sugar unit is a is a six-carbon containing moeity.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic oxygen compounds

Class

Organooxygen compounds

Sub Class

Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates

Direct Parent

Hexoses

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Hexose monosaccharide
Oxane
Secondary alcohol
Hemiacetal
Oxacycle
Organoheterocyclic compound
Polyol
Hydrocarbon derivative
Primary alcohol
Alcohol
Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

L-galactopyranose (L-GALACTOSE )

Ontology

No ontology term

Physico-Chemical Properties - Experimental

Property	Value	Reference
Physical state	Solid
Physical Description	Not Available
Mass Composition	Not Available
Melting Point	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available
Experimental Water Solubility	Not Available
Experimental logP	Not Available
Experimental pKa	Not Available
Isoelectric point	Not Available
Charge	Not Available
Optical Rotation	[a]D +175 (DMSO)	DFC
Spectroscopic UV Data	Not Available
Density	Not Available
Refractive Index	Not Available

Spectra

EI-MS/GC-MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
EI-MS	Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	splash10-0229-9000000000-3cd18e57966112492f50	2014-09-20	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Starch, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-08g0-9700000000-d7fbea2263840ca358b3	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Starch, 5 TMS, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	splash10-004i-6122690000-eaf6f7adf34ccd0c667b	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Starch, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Starch, non-derivatized, Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	Spectrum

MS/MS

Type	Description	Splash Key	View
MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-IT , negative	splash10-03du-2900000000-8b4969661fc601d4c994	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb	2015-05-26	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive	splash10-01q9-0900000000-ecd0aedc67c9a2eec60f	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive	splash10-03ea-2900000000-e4daf22c7320ccc41812	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive	splash10-0005-9200000000-91fc3940732f782a88bb	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-004i-1900000000-e9f3e728d1b340759a09	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-01t9-5900000000-c0a478f2b9c5bbc6c4ba	2015-05-27	View Spectrum
Predicted MS/MS	Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-0006-9100000000-06852e2088bf1c6b38c4	2015-05-27	View Spectrum

NMR

Type	Description		View

External Links

ChemSpider ID

Not Available

ChEMBL ID

Not Available

KEGG Compound ID

C00718

Pubchem Compound ID

53477771

Pubchem Substance ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

28102

Phenol-Explorer ID

Not Available

DrugBank ID

Not Available

HMDB ID

HMDB03403

CRC / DFC (Dictionary of Food Compounds) ID

BTN99-I:BTP00-I

EAFUS ID

Not Available

Dr. Duke ID

AMYLOSE

BIGG ID

Not Available

KNApSAcK ID

Not Available

HET ID

Not Available

Food Biomarker Ontology

Not Available

VMH ID

Not Available

Flavornet ID

Not Available

GoodScent ID

Not Available

SuperScent ID

Not Available

Wikipedia ID

Amylose

Phenol-Explorer Metabolite ID

Not Available

Duplicate IDS

Not Available

Old DFC IDS

Not Available

Associated Foods

Food	Content Range	Average	Reference
Food			Reference

Biological Effects and Interactions

Health Effects / Bioactivities

Not Available

Enzymes

Name	Gene Name	UniProt ID
Glycogen debranching enzyme	AGL	P35573
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	PYGL	P06737
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form	PYGM	P11217
Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form	PYGB	P11216
Glycogen [starch] synthase, liver	GYS2	P54840
Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle	GYS1	P13807

Pathways

Name	SMPDB Link	KEGG Link
Starch and Sucrose Metabolism	SMP00058	map00500

Metabolism

Not Available

Biosynthesis

Not Available

Organoleptic Properties

Flavours

Not Available

Files

MSDS

show

References

Synthesis Reference

Not Available

General Reference

Not Available

Content Reference

— Duke, James. 'Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. United States Department of Agriculture.' Agricultural Research Service, Accessed April 27 (2004).

Amylose (FDB001130)

Structure for FDB001130 (Amylose)